{"id":70,"date":"2025-09-01T17:56:10","date_gmt":"2025-09-01T09:56:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/?p=70"},"modified":"2025-09-01T17:56:11","modified_gmt":"2025-09-01T09:56:11","slug":"mysql%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/?p=70","title":{"rendered":"Mysql\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-markdown\"><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4ed3\u5e93\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u3001\u6709\u6761\u7406\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u8d77\u6765<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6548\u7387\u6781\u9ad8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n<ul>\n<li>\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u6307\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u7406\u89e3\u5c31\u662f\u4e8c\u7ef4\u8868\u683c\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6709\u884c\u6709\u5217<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5927\u591a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u786c\u76d8\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n<ul>\n<li>\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3aNoSQL(not only SQL)\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4f7f\u7528key-value\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5927\u591a\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5feb\uff0c\u4f46\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.\u5e38\u89c1\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1aMySQL,Orecle,DB2,SQLserver,SQLite<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93:Redis,HBase,Mong<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5MySQL<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u5378\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684mariadb-lib<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86mariadb\uff1a<code>rpm -qa | grep mariadb<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5378\u8f7dmariadb\uff1a<code>rpm -e mariadb\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u540d --nodeps<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5220\u9664mariadb\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<code>rm -rf \/etc\/my.cnf<\/code>\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<code>reboot<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>2.\u5b89\u88c5MySQL<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e0a\u4f20\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u5e76\u89e3\u538b<\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<code>yum install numactl openssl-devel.x86_64 openssl.x86_64 autoconf perl.x86_64 perl-devel.x86_64 perl-JSON.noarch -y<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5MySQL\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u987a\u5e8f\uff09\u3010\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\/var\/lib\/mysql\uff09\n<ul>\n<li><code>rpm -ivh \uff08mysql-community-common-\u7248\u672c\u53f7)\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>rpm -ivh \uff08mysql-community-libs-\u7248\u672c\u53f7)\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>rpm -ivh \uff08mysql-community-client-\u7248\u672c\u53f7)\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>rpm -ivh \uff08mysql-community-server-\u7248\u672c\u53f7)\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u89e3\u538b\u540e\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u82e5\u4e2d\u9014\u63d0\u793a\u7f3a\u5c11\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5219\u5b89\u88c5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5373\u53ef<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>3.\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<p><code>mysqld --initialize --console<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>4.\u6388\u6743\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed9MySQL<\/h4>\n<p><code>chown -R mysql:mysql \/var\/lib\/mysql\/<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>5.\u542f\u52a8MySQL<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<code>systemctl start mysqld<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<code>systemctl enable mysqld<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>6.\u67e5\u770b\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n<p><code>systemctl status mysqld<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>7.\u67e5\u770b\u4e34\u65f6\u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n<p><code>cat \/var\/log\/mysqld.log<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>8.\u7528\u4e34\u65f6\u5bc6\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55<\/h4>\n<p><code>mysql -u root -p<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>9.\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801<\/h4>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<code>alter USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801';<\/code>\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u8981\u52a0\u5206\u53f7\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<code>flush privileges<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>10.\u6388\u6743\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\uff1a<code>show databases;<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1a<code>create user 'root'@'\n<li>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<code>alter USER 'root'@'\n<li>\u5237\u65b0\u6743\u9650\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<code>flush privileges<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001MySQL\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u767b\u51fa<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u767b\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u672c\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<code>mysql -u \u7528\u6237\u540d -p<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<code>mysql -h \u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740 -P \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 -u \u7528\u6237\u540d -p<\/code>\uff08MySQL\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a3306\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u9000\u51fa<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a<code>exit;<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c:<code>quit<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a<code>Ctrl + d<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001SQL\u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<h4>1.SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>DDL(Data Definition Language)\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li>DML(Data Manipulation Language)\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li>DQL(Data Query Language)\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61<\/li>\n<li>DCL(Data Control Language)\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6743\u9650\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7ea7\u522b\u4ee5\u53ca\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.SQL\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5355\u884c\u6216\u591a\u884c\u4e66\u5199\uff0c\u4ee5\u2019;&#8217;\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/li>\n<li>MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e0d\u533a\u522b\u5927\u5c0f\u5199<\/li>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a\u5355\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<code>#<\/code>\u6216<code>-- <\/code>\uff08\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\uff09\uff0c\u591a\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<code>\/* *\/<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u6982\u89c8<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\ncreate database my_database;\n#\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6\ncreate database my_database default charset utf8;\n#\u68c0\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93 \ncreate database if not exists my_database\n\n#\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u521b\u5efa\u540c\u540d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\n\n#my_database\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4e0b\u65b9\u7684my_table\u540c\u7406\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u5e93\nshow database;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u5220\u9664\u6570\u636e\u5e93\ndrop database my_database;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9009\u62e9<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\nuse my_database;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u67e5\u770b\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\nselect database();\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u521b\u5efa<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">create table \u6570\u636e\u8868\u540d\u79f0(\n    \u5b57\u6bb51 \u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b [\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ea6\u675f]\n    \u5b57\u6bb52 \u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b [\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ea6\u675f]\n    ...\n)engine=\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5f15\u64ce default charset=\u7f16\u7801\u96c6;\n\n#\u793a\u4f8b\ncreate table my_table(\n    id tinyint,\n    username varchar(20),\n    password char(32)\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>tinyint\uff1a\u5fae\u6574\u578b\uff0c\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\u578b\u8303\u56f4-128~127\uff0c\u65e0\u7b26\u53f7\u578b\u8303\u56f40~255<\/li>\n<li>varchar\uff1a\u53d8\u5316\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u8303\u56f465535\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u5b57\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u957f\u5ea6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u7f16\u7801\u5360\u7528\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982GBK\u5360\u75282\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u957f\u5ea6\uff0cUTF-8\u5360\u75283\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u957f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>text\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u8868\nuse my_database;#\u6ce8\u610f\u8981\u5148\u9009\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\nshow tables;\n\n#\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\ndesc my_table;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5b57\u6bb5\nalter table my_table add \u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0 \u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b first|after \u5176\u4ed6\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0;\n#first\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u653e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\n#after\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u653e\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u5b57\u6bb5\u540e\u9762\n\n#\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\nalter table my_table change \u65e7\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0 \u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0 \u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b;\n\n#\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5\nalter table my_table drop \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u79f0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u8868\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">rename table \u65e7\u540d\u79f0 to \u65b0\u540d\u79f0;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u5220\u9664<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">drop table my_table;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u5b57\u6bb5\u7c7b\u578b\u8be6\u89e3<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u6574\u6570\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>tinyint\uff1a\u5fae\u6574\u578b\uff0c-128~127<\/li>\n<li>samllint\uff1a\u5c0f\u6574\u578b\uff0c-32768~32767<\/li>\n<li>mediumint\uff1a\u4e2d\u6574\u578b\uff0c-8388608~8388607<\/li>\n<li>int\uff1a\u6574\u578b\uff0c-2147483648~2147483647<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u6d6e\u70b9\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>float\uff1a\u5355\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b<\/li>\n<li>double\uff1a\u53cc\u7cbe\u5ea6\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b<\/li>\n<li>decimal\uff1a\u5b9a\u70b9\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982decimal(10,2)\u8868\u793a\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a10\uff0c\u4fdd\u75592\u4f4d\u5c0f\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u65e5\u671f\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>year\uff1aYYYY<\/li>\n<li>time\uff1aHH:MM:SS<\/li>\n<li>date\uff1aYYYY-MM-DD<\/li>\n<li>datetime\uff1aYYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS<\/li>\n<li>timesstamp\uff1aYYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS<\/li>\n<li>\u6ce8\uff1aY-\u5e74\uff0cM-\u6708\uff0cD-\u65e5\uff0cH-\u65f6\uff0cM-\u5206\uff0cS-\u79d2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.\u6587\u672c\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>char(m)\uff1a0~255\u56fa\u5b9a\u957f\u5ea6\uff0cm\u8868\u793a\u5b57\u7b26\u6570<\/li>\n<li>varchar(m)\uff1a0~65535\u53d8\u5316\u957f\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>text\uff1a0~65535\u5b57\u8282<\/li>\n<li>mediumtext\uff1a0~167772150\u5b57\u8282<\/li>\n<li>longtext\uff1a0~4294967295\u5b57\u8282<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e03\u3001DML\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u8bed\u8a00<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u6570\u636e\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u589e\u52a0\uff1ainsert\ninsert into my_table([\u5b57\u6bb51,\u5b57\u6bb52,...]) values ([\u5b57\u6bb51\u7684\u503c,\u5b57\u6bb52\u7684\u503c,...]);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u4fee\u6539\uff1aupdate\nupdate my_table set \u5b57\u6bb51=\u65b0\u503c,\u5b57\u6bb52=\u65b0\u503c,...where \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>3.\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u5220\u9664\uff1adelete\ndelete from my_table where \u66f4\u65b0\u6761\u4ef6;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>4.\u6570\u636e\u8868\u7684\u6e05\u7a7a\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#1.\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5728DataGrip\u4e2d\u88ab\u9650\u5236\ndelete from my_table;\n#2.\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\ntruncate my_table;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u516b\u3001SQL\u7ea6\u675f<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f(primary key)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u6570\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u5305\u542b\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u503c<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542bNULL\u503c<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u6709\u4e14\u4ec5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9075\u5faa\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u5e94\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684<\/li>\n<li>\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3b\u952e<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u4e0d\u5e94\u5305\u542b\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u952e\u5e94\u7531\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">create table my_table(\n    id int primary key #\u8fd9\u53e5\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e3b\u952e\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5220\u9664\u4e3b\u952e\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">alter table my_table drop primary key;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u957f\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff08auto_increment\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">create table my_table(\n\tid int auto_increment primary key #\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\n);\n\n#\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u79cd\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\ncreate table my_table(\n    id int auto_increment,\n    primary key(id)\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f(NOT NULL)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f\u5f3a\u5236\u5217\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7NULL\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5411\u8fd9\u79cd\u5217\u6dfb\u52a0\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d2\u5165\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">create table my_table(\n\tname varchar not null #\u6b64\u5904\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u975e\u7a7a\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u6709name\u503c\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f(UNIQUE)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6\u6570\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u4e3a\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u8be5\u5217\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51fa\u73b0NULL\u503c<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">create table my_table(\n\tusername varchar unique #\u552f\u4e00\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u95f4\u7684username\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u590d\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7ea6\u675f(default)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6307\u5b9a\u67d0\u5217\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u82e5\u63d2\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u65f6\u672a\u5411\u8be5\u5217\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7ea6\u675f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">create table my_table(\n\tage tinyint default 18 #\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7ea6\u675f\uff0cage\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a18\n);\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f(foreign key)<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5916\u952e\u7ea6\u675f\u7528\u4e8e\u591a\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u8054\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u8868\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4ea7\u751f\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u672c\u8868\u4e2d\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u79f0\u4e3a\u5916\u952e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u4e5d\u3001DQL\u6570\u636e\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u7b80\u5355\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">select [distinct] \u5b57\u6bb5 from \u8868 \u67e5\u8be2\u5b50\u53e5;#\u5b57\u6bb5\u51fa\u586b\u5199'*'\u8868\u793a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u6bb5\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.SQL\u4e94\u5b50\u53e5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>where\u5b50\u53e5-\u6761\u4ef6\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f83\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">&gt; &lt; &gt;= &lt;= = &lt;&gt; !=<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u5927\u4e8e \u5c0f\u4e8e \u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e \u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e \u7b49\u4e8e \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">BETWEEN \u2026 AND \u2026<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u5728\u95ed\u533a\u95f4\u5185<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">IN(set)<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u5728set\u5217\u8868\u5185<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6a21\u7cca\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">LIKE \u2018_a\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u975e\u7a7a\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">IS NULL  IS NOT NULL<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u903b\u8f91\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">and or not<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u540c\u65f6\u6210\u7acb \u4efb\u4e00\u6210\u7acb \u4e0d\u6210\u7acb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>order by\u5b50\u53e5-\u6392\u5e8f\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ASC\uff1a\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217<\/li>\n<li>DESC\uff1a\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>group by\u5b50\u53e5\u548chaving\u5b50\u53e5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">select \u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570 from my_table;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align:center\">\u529f\u80fd<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">count()<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4e3aNULL\u7684\u884c\u6570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">sum()<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u6570\u503c\u548c\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">max()<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6392\u5e8f\u8fd0\u7b97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">min()<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u82e5\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6392\u5e8f\u8fd0\u7b97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">avg()<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align:center\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u6307\u5b9a\u5217\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u82e5\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6570\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u5219\u8fd4\u56de0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5206\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">group by \u5217\u540d [having \u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f] [with rollup];\n\n#HAVING\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5206\u7ec4\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ewhere\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\n#WITH ROLLUP\uff1a\u5728\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6700\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u805a\u5408\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>limit\u5b50\u53e5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u9650\u5236\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">select * from my_table limit offset,count;#\u5f53\u53ea\u586b\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9COUNT\n\n#OFFSET\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u67e5\u627e\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a0\n#COUNT\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5341\u3001\u591a\u8868\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u4ea4\u53c9\u8fde\u63a5(cross join)<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\nselect * from my_table_1 cross join my_tabel_2;\n#\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\nselect * from my_table_1,my_table_2;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>2.\u5185\u8fde\u63a5(inner join)<\/h4>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">#\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u591a\u8868\u4e2d\u6ee1\u8db3\u5173\u8054\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5171\u540c\u90e8\u5206\nselect * from my_table_1 inner join my_table_2 on \u6570\u636e\u88681.\u5b57\u6bb5 = \u6570\u636e\u88682.\u5b57\u6bb5;\n\n#\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u6570\u636e\u8868\u540d [as] \u522b\u540d \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5199\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>3.\u5916\u8fde\u63a5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5de6\u5916\u8fde\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5de6\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u53f3\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u5de6\u8868\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u82e5\u5de6\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5728\u53f3\u8fb9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u53f3\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u9879\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7528NULL\u586b\u5145<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">select \u5b57\u6bb5 from \u88681 left join \u88682 on \u88681.\u5b57\u6bb51 = \u88682.\u5b57\u6bb52;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u53f3\u5916\u8fde\u63a5\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u4ee5\u53f3\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u5de6\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u53f3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u82e5\u53f3\u8868\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5728\u5de6\u8fb9\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u5de6\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u9879\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7528NULL\u586b\u5145<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-mysql\">select \u5b57\u6bb5 from \u88681 right join \u88682 on \u88681.\u5b57\u6bb51 = \u88682.\u5b57\u6bb52;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u5d4c\u5957\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6307\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aselect\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5957\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aselect\u8bed\u53e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8303\u5f0f\uff1a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u8981\u6c42\u5c31\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u8303\u5f0f\u5448\u9012\u589e\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8d8a\u9ad8\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\u8d8a\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\uff1a\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u8303\u5f0f\u7684\u5212\u5206<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff081NF\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f\uff082NF\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\uff083NF\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u5df4\u65af\u00b7\u79d1\u5fb7\u8303\u5f0f\uff08BCNF\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u56db\u8303\u5f0f\uff084NF\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e94\u8303\u5f0f\uff085NF\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u8303\u5f0f\u8981\u6c42<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f\n<ul>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e<\/li>\n<li>\u975e\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\n<ul>\n<li>\u975e\u4e3b\u952e\u5b57\u6bb5\u5fc5\u987b\u76f4\u63a5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e3b\u952e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001E-R\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5173\u7cfb<\/h3>\n<h4>1.E-R\u6a21\u578b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>E-R\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u5373\u5b9e\u4f53-\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6a21\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.\u8868\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u77e9\u5f62\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u6807\u6ce8\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n<li>\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u692d\u5706\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u6807\u6ce8\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u83f1\u5f62\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u6807\u6ce8\u5173\u7cfb\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u6570\u636e\u8868\u5173\u7cfb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e09\u3001PyMySQL<\/h3>\n<h4>1.\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0e\u5378\u8f7dPyMySQL\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e00\uff1a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5<code>pip install pymysql<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5378\u8f7d<code>pip uninstall pymysql<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e8c\uff1aPyCharm\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>File-Settings-Project-Python Interpreter-\u2018+\u2019-\u641c\u7d22\u5b89\u88c5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2.PyMySQL\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bfc\u5165PyMySQL\u5305<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pymysql\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d = pymysql.connect(\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868)\n\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\nhost\uff1aIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u5219\u4e3alocalhost\nport\uff1a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\nuser\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u540d\npassword\uff1a\u5bc6\u7801\ndatebase\uff1a\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d\u79f0\ncharset\uff1a\u7f16\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\n#\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165cryptography\u5305\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u62a5\u9519\u4fe1\u606f\n#\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fPython3.7\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u4f1a\u5f39\u51fawarning\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u6267\u884c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">#\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d.close()\n\n#\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d.commit()\n\n#\u64a4\u9500\u6570\u636e\n\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d.rollback()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3.\u6e38\u6807<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">#\u83b7\u53d6\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\n\u6e38\u6807\u540d = \u5bf9\u8c61\u540d.cursor()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6e38\u6807\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">execute(operation [parameters])\n\n#\u8fd4\u56de\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u884c\u6570\n\n#\u793a\u4f8b\nsql = &quot;select * from student&quot;\nrow_count = cursor.execute(sql)\n#row_count\u8fd4\u56de\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u884c\u6570\n#cursor\u4e3a\u6e38\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\n#sql\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662fSQL\u547d\u4ee4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4.\u4f7f\u7528PyMySQL\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u83b7\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">#\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\n\u6e38\u6807\u540d.fetchone()\n\n#\u83b7\u53d6\u5168\u90e8\u6570\u636e\n\u6e38\u6807\u540d.fetchall()\n\n#\u8fd4\u56de\u5143\u7ec4\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5173\u95ed\u6e38\u6807<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\u6e38\u6807\u540d.close()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>5.\u4f7f\u7528PyMySQL\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u589e\u5220<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u589e\u5220\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884ccommit\u6765\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6301\u4e45\u5316<\/li>\n<li>\u901a\u8fc7execute\u63d0\u4ea4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u589e\u5220\u6539<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u4f7f\u7528try\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5305\u542b\u589e\u5220\u6539\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u6267\u884crollback<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-5"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=70"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":71,"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70\/revisions\/71"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=70"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=70"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.zxlearning.space\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=70"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}